What Causes Corrosion on a Car Battery?

Car batteries are essential components of vehicles, providing the electrical energy required to start the engine and power various electrical systems. However, over time, these batteries are susceptible to corrosion, which can hamper their performance and lifespan. Understanding the causes of battery corrosion and taking preventive measures is crucial for maintaining optimal battery functionality. If you’re experiencing problems, whether a Ford or a Land Rover, a mechanic in Peoria, AZ, can help. 

Car Batteries and Their Function

Car batteries are rechargeable devices that store electrical energy to supply power for starting the engine and running electrical components, such as lights, radio, and air conditioning. They consist of a plastic case containing cells that house positive and negative lead plates, immersed in an electrolyte solution. When the battery is connected to the vehicle's electrical system, a chemical reaction occurs, generating an electrical current that powers the vehicle's electrical systems.

What Causes Corrosion on a Car Battery?

What causes car battery corrosion? Corrosion on car batteries is primarily caused by chemical reactions that take place during the battery's normal operation. The most common cause is the buildup of sulfuric acid, a byproduct of the chemical reaction between the lead plates and the electrolyte solution. This acid can combine with moisture in the surrounding environment, resulting in the formation of corrosion around the battery terminals.

Another factor contributing to corrosion is the release of hydrogen gas during the charging process. When the battery charges, hydrogen gas is generated, which can react with the metal components in the battery and nearby terminals, leading to corrosion. Furthermore, exposure to road salt, dirt, and other contaminants can accelerate the corrosion process, compromising the battery's performance.

Preventing Battery Corrosion

With these battery corrosion causes, regular maintenance and adopting preventive measures can be your friend. Here are some effective ways to prevent corrosion on car batteries:

Clean the battery: Periodically clean the battery terminals and surrounding areas using a mixture of baking soda and water. Gently scrub the terminals with a wire brush to remove any existing corrosion or dirt.

Apply a protective coating: After cleaning, apply a thin coat of petroleum jelly or terminal protectant spray on the battery terminals; this protective layer helps repel moisture and prevents corrosion from forming.

Insulate the terminals: Installing felt or plastic terminal washers can act as insulators, creating a barrier between the battery terminals and the surrounding environment. Primarily, this prevents moisture and contaminants from reaching the terminals and causing corrosion.

Securely tighten connections: Ensure that the battery terminals are securely tightened to maintain good electrical contact. Loose connections can lead to increased resistance and heat generation, which may contribute to corrosion.

Avoid overcharging: Overcharging a battery can accelerate the release of hydrogen gas and promote corrosion. Use a properly regulated charger and avoid leaving the battery on a trickle charge for extended periods.

Shield the battery: Consider installing a battery insulation kit or a protective cover. These accessories provide an additional layer of insulation and shielding against external factors that could cause corrosion.

Corrosion on car batteries can impair their performance and longevity. Understanding the causes of battery corrosion and implementing preventive measures is crucial for maintaining a reliable electrical system in your vehicle. By following regular maintenance routines, cleaning the battery, applying protective coatings, and insulating the terminals, you can significantly reduce the risk of corrosion and extend the life of your car battery.

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